Between whales and boats of paper: imagery and socio-identity
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Jan 1, 2005
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Abstract
An analysis of textual evidence of social presence in an environment of networked learning. The study 'was conducted in the online version of the course "Educational Technology" Institute for Educational Technology for SSIS Liguria.
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References
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Capozzoli M., McSweeney L., Sinha D. (1999), Beyond kappa: A review of interrater agreement measures, The Canadian Journal of Statistics, vol. 27, n. 1, pp. 3-23
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Dautenhahn K., Bond A., Cañamero L. D., Edmonds B. (eds.) (2002), Socially intelligent agents: Creating relationships with computers and robots, Kluwer Academic Publishers, Norwell, MA
Delfino M., Manca S. (under consideration), The expression of social presence through the use of figurative language in a web-based learning environment, Computers in Human Behavior
De Simone C., Lou Y., Schmid R. F. (2001), Meaningful and interactive distance learning supported by the use of metaphor and synthesizing activities, Journal of Distance Education, vol. 16, n. 1
Forgas J. P. (ed.) (2000), Feeling and thinking. The role of affect in social cognition, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK
Frijda N. H., Manstead A. S. R, Bem S. (eds.) (2000), Emotions and beliefs. How feelings influence thoughts, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK
Fussell S. R., Moss M. M. (1998), Figurative language in descriptions of emotional states, in S. R. Fussell, R. J. Kreuz (eds.), Social and cognitive approaches to interpersonal communication, Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Mahwah, NJ
Gardner H. (1983), Frames of mind. The theory of multiple intelligences, Basic Books, New York (tr. it., Formae mentis. Saggio sulla pluralità dell’intelligenza, Feltrinelli, Milano, 1987)
Garrison D. R., Anderson T., Archer W. (1999), Critical inquiry in a text-based environment: computer conferencing in higher education, Internet and Higher Education, vol. 2, n. 2-3, pp. 87-105
Gibbs R. W., Leggitt J. S., Turner E. A. (2002), What’s special about figurative language in emotional communication?, in S. R. Fussell (ed.), The verbal communication of emotions. interdisciplinary perspectives, Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Mahwah, NJ, pp. 125-149
Gibbs R. W., Steen G. J. (eds.) (1999), Metaphor in cognitive linguistics. Selected papers from the 5th International Cognitive Linguistics Conference, John Benjamins, Amsterdam
Glucksberg S., Keysar B. (1990), Understanding metaphorical comparisons: Beyond similarity, in Psychological Review, vol. 97, pp. 3-18
Goleman D. (1995), Emotional intelligence: Why it can matter more than IQ, Bantam, New York (tr. it., L’intelligenza emotiva, Rizzoli, Milano, 1996)
Grice H. P. (1967), Logic and conversation, in P. Cole, L. Morgan (eds.), Syntax and semantics: Speech acts, Vol. 3, Academic Press, New York
Gunawardena C. N., Zittle F. (1997), Social presence as a predictor of satisfaction within a computer mediated conferencing environment, The American Journal of Distance Education, vol. 11, n. 3, pp. 8-25
Have ten P. (2002), The notion of member is the heart of the matter: On the role of membership knowledge in ethnomethodological inquiry, Forum Qualitative Sozialforschung / Forum: Qualitative Social Research [On-line Journal], vol. 3, n. 3, http://www.qualitative-research. net/fqs-texte/3-02/3- 02tenhave-e.htm
Herring S. C. (2004), Computermediated discourse analysis. An approach to researching online behavior, in S. A. Barab, R. Kling, J. H. Gray (eds.), Designing for virtual communities in the service of learning, Cambridge, UK, Cambridge University Press, pp. 338-376
Jacobson D. (1999), Impression formation in cyberspace: Online expectations and offline experiences in text-based virtual communities, Journal of Computer Mediated Communication, vol. 5, n. 1
Job-Sluder K., Barab S. A. (2004), Shared “We” and shared “They” indicators of group identity in online teacher professional development, in S. A. Barab, R. Kling, J. H. Gray (eds.), Designing for virtual communities in the service of learning, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK, pp. 377-403
Katz A. N., Cacciari C., Gibbs R. W., Turner M. (1998), Figurative language and thought, Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK
Kövecses Z. (2002), Emotion concepts: Social constructionism and cognitive linguistics, in S. R. Fussell (ed.), The verbal communication of emotions. Interdisciplinary perspectives, Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Mahwah, NJ, pp. 109-124
Krippendorff K. (2003), Content analysis: An introduction to its methodology, Sage Publications, Thousand Oaks, CA
Krippendorff K. (2004), Reliability in content analysis. Some common misconceptions and recommendations, Human Communication Research, vol. 30, n. 3, pp.411-433
Lakoff G., Johnson M. (1980), Metaphors we live by, Chicago University Press, Chicago (tr. it., Metafora e vita quotidiana, Espresso Strumenti, Milano, 1982)
Lakoff (1998), Teoria della metafora, in G. Lakoff, M. Johnson, Elementi di linguistica cognitiva, a cura di M. Casonato e M. Cervi, QuattroVenti, Urbino
Lausberg H. (1998), Handbook of literary rhetoric: A foundation for literary study, Brill Academic Publishers, Leiden, NL
LeDoux J. (1996), The emotional brain. The mysterious underpinnings of emotional life, Simon & Schuster, New York (tr. it., Il cervello emotivo. Alle origini delle emozioni, Baldini e Castoldi, Milano)
MacFadden R. J., Herie M., Maiter S., Dumbrill G. C. (2005), Achieving high touch in high tech: a constructivist, emotionally-oriented model of web-based instruction, Journal of Teaching in Social Work, vol. 25, n. 1/2, pp. 21-44
Murphy K. L., Collins M. P. (1997), Development of communication conventions in instructional electronic chats, Journal of distance education, vol.12, n. 1/2, pp. 177-200
Novak M. (1993), Architetture liquide nel cyberspazio, in M. Benedikt, Cyberspace, Muzio, Padova
Ortony A., Fainsilber L. (1989), The role of metaphors in descriptions of emotions, in Y. Wilks (ed.), Theoretical issues in natural language processing, Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Mahwah, NJ, pp. 178-182
Parks M. R., Floyd K. (1996), Making friends in cyberspace, Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, vol. 1, n. 4
Perelman C., Olbrechts-Tyteca L. (1958), Traité de l’argumentation. La nouvelle rhétorique, Presses Universitaires de France, Paris (tr. it., Trattato dell’argomentazione, Einaudi, Torino, 1966)
Persico D., Manca S., Sarti L. (2003), Storia di un corso sulle TD e degli insegnamenti che se ne possono trarre, TD - Tecnologie Didattiche, vol. 29, pp. 66-75
Picard R. W. (1997), Affective computing, The MIT Press, Cambridge, MA
Rice R. E. (1993), Media appropriateness: Using social presence theory to compare traditional and new organizational media, Human Communication Research, vol. 19, n. 4, pp. 451-484
Richardson J. C., Swan K. (2003), Examining social presence in online courses in relation to students’ perceived learning and satisfaction, Journal of Asynchronous Learning Networks, vol. 7, n. 1
Ricoeur P. (1978), The rule of metaphor. Multidisciplinary studies of the creation of meaning in language, Routledge & Kegan Paul, London, UK
Ricoeur P. (1975), La métaphore vive, Seuil, Paris (tr. it., La metafora viva, Jaca Book, Milano 1981)
Roberts R. M., Kreuz R. J. (1994), Why do people use figurative language?, Psychological Science, vol. 5, n. 3, pp. 159-163
Roschelle J. (1996), Learning by collaborating: convergent conceptual change, in T. Koschmann (ed.), CSCL: Theory and Practice of an Emerging Paradigm, Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Mahwah, NJ, pp. 209-248
Rourke L., Anderson T., Garrison D. R., Archer W. (2001a), Assessing social presence in asynchronous text-based computer conferencing, Journal of Distance Education, vol. 14, n. 3, pp. 51-70
Rourke L., Anderson T., Garrison D. R., Archer W. (2001b), Methodological issues in the content analysis of computer conference transcripts, International Journal of Artificial Intelligence in Education, vol. 12, pp. 8-22
Searle J. R. (1979), Metaphor, in A. Ortony (ed.), Metaphor and thought, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK
Shin N. (2003), Transactional presence as a critical predictor of success in distance learning, Distance Education, vol. 24, n. 1, pp. 69-86
Short J., Williams E., Christie B. (1976), The social psychology of telecommunications, Wiley, London, UK
Spears R., Lea M. (1994), Panacea or panopticon? The hidden power in computer-mediated communication, Communication Research, vol. 21, n. 4, pp. 427-459 (tr. it., Panacea o Panopticon? Il potere nascosto nella comunicazione mediata dal computer, Sistemi Intelligenti, vol. 7, n. 3, 1995, pp. 339-371)
Sproull L., Kiesler S. (1986), Reducing social context cues: Electronic mail in organizational communication, British Journal of Social Psychology, vol. 29, pp. 121-134
Stacey E. (2002), Social presence online: networking learners at a distance, Education and Information Technologies, vol. 7, n. 4, pp. 287-294
Tagliagambe S. (1997), Epistemologia del cyberspazio, Demos, Cagliari
Tannen D. (1989), Talking voices: repetition, dialogue and imagery in conversational discourse, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge UK
Tannen D. (1992), How is conversation like literary discourse?: The role of imagery and details in creating involvement, in P. Downing, S. D. Lima and M. Noonan (eds.) The linguistics of literacy, John Benjamins, Amsterdam and Philadelphia, pp. 31-46
Trappl R., Petta P., Payr S. (eds.) (2003), Emotions in humans and artifacts, The MIT Press, Cambridge, MA
Walther J. B. (1996), Computermediated communication: Impersonal, interpersonal, and hyperpersonal interaction, Communication Research, vol. 23, n. 1, pp. 3- 41
Weinrich H. (1976), Sprache in Texten, Klett, Stuttgart
Yeoman E. (1995), “Sam’s Café”: A case study of computer conferencing as a medium for collective journal writing, Canadian Journal of Educational Communication, vol. 24, n. 3
Blasko D. G. (1999), Only the tip of the iceberg: Who understand what about metaphor?, Journal of Pragmatics, vol. 31, pp. 1675-1683
Cacciari C. (1991), Teorie della metafora. L’acquisizione, la comprensione e l’uso del linguaggio figurato, Raffaello Cortina, Milano
Capozzoli M., McSweeney L., Sinha D. (1999), Beyond kappa: A review of interrater agreement measures, The Canadian Journal of Statistics, vol. 27, n. 1, pp. 3-23
Damasio A. R (1994), Descartes’ error: Emotion, reason, and the human brain, Grosset/Putnam, New York (tr. it., L’errore di Cartesio. Emozioni, ragione e cervello umano, Adelphi, Milano, 1995)
Dautenhahn K., Bond A., Cañamero L. D., Edmonds B. (eds.) (2002), Socially intelligent agents: Creating relationships with computers and robots, Kluwer Academic Publishers, Norwell, MA
Delfino M., Manca S. (under consideration), The expression of social presence through the use of figurative language in a web-based learning environment, Computers in Human Behavior
De Simone C., Lou Y., Schmid R. F. (2001), Meaningful and interactive distance learning supported by the use of metaphor and synthesizing activities, Journal of Distance Education, vol. 16, n. 1
Forgas J. P. (ed.) (2000), Feeling and thinking. The role of affect in social cognition, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK
Frijda N. H., Manstead A. S. R, Bem S. (eds.) (2000), Emotions and beliefs. How feelings influence thoughts, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK
Fussell S. R., Moss M. M. (1998), Figurative language in descriptions of emotional states, in S. R. Fussell, R. J. Kreuz (eds.), Social and cognitive approaches to interpersonal communication, Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Mahwah, NJ
Gardner H. (1983), Frames of mind. The theory of multiple intelligences, Basic Books, New York (tr. it., Formae mentis. Saggio sulla pluralità dell’intelligenza, Feltrinelli, Milano, 1987)
Garrison D. R., Anderson T., Archer W. (1999), Critical inquiry in a text-based environment: computer conferencing in higher education, Internet and Higher Education, vol. 2, n. 2-3, pp. 87-105
Gibbs R. W., Leggitt J. S., Turner E. A. (2002), What’s special about figurative language in emotional communication?, in S. R. Fussell (ed.), The verbal communication of emotions. interdisciplinary perspectives, Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Mahwah, NJ, pp. 125-149
Gibbs R. W., Steen G. J. (eds.) (1999), Metaphor in cognitive linguistics. Selected papers from the 5th International Cognitive Linguistics Conference, John Benjamins, Amsterdam
Glucksberg S., Keysar B. (1990), Understanding metaphorical comparisons: Beyond similarity, in Psychological Review, vol. 97, pp. 3-18
Goleman D. (1995), Emotional intelligence: Why it can matter more than IQ, Bantam, New York (tr. it., L’intelligenza emotiva, Rizzoli, Milano, 1996)
Grice H. P. (1967), Logic and conversation, in P. Cole, L. Morgan (eds.), Syntax and semantics: Speech acts, Vol. 3, Academic Press, New York
Gunawardena C. N., Zittle F. (1997), Social presence as a predictor of satisfaction within a computer mediated conferencing environment, The American Journal of Distance Education, vol. 11, n. 3, pp. 8-25
Have ten P. (2002), The notion of member is the heart of the matter: On the role of membership knowledge in ethnomethodological inquiry, Forum Qualitative Sozialforschung / Forum: Qualitative Social Research [On-line Journal], vol. 3, n. 3, http://www.qualitative-research. net/fqs-texte/3-02/3- 02tenhave-e.htm
Herring S. C. (2004), Computermediated discourse analysis. An approach to researching online behavior, in S. A. Barab, R. Kling, J. H. Gray (eds.), Designing for virtual communities in the service of learning, Cambridge, UK, Cambridge University Press, pp. 338-376
Jacobson D. (1999), Impression formation in cyberspace: Online expectations and offline experiences in text-based virtual communities, Journal of Computer Mediated Communication, vol. 5, n. 1
Job-Sluder K., Barab S. A. (2004), Shared “We” and shared “They” indicators of group identity in online teacher professional development, in S. A. Barab, R. Kling, J. H. Gray (eds.), Designing for virtual communities in the service of learning, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK, pp. 377-403
Katz A. N., Cacciari C., Gibbs R. W., Turner M. (1998), Figurative language and thought, Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK
Kövecses Z. (2002), Emotion concepts: Social constructionism and cognitive linguistics, in S. R. Fussell (ed.), The verbal communication of emotions. Interdisciplinary perspectives, Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Mahwah, NJ, pp. 109-124
Krippendorff K. (2003), Content analysis: An introduction to its methodology, Sage Publications, Thousand Oaks, CA
Krippendorff K. (2004), Reliability in content analysis. Some common misconceptions and recommendations, Human Communication Research, vol. 30, n. 3, pp.411-433
Lakoff G., Johnson M. (1980), Metaphors we live by, Chicago University Press, Chicago (tr. it., Metafora e vita quotidiana, Espresso Strumenti, Milano, 1982)
Lakoff (1998), Teoria della metafora, in G. Lakoff, M. Johnson, Elementi di linguistica cognitiva, a cura di M. Casonato e M. Cervi, QuattroVenti, Urbino
Lausberg H. (1998), Handbook of literary rhetoric: A foundation for literary study, Brill Academic Publishers, Leiden, NL
LeDoux J. (1996), The emotional brain. The mysterious underpinnings of emotional life, Simon & Schuster, New York (tr. it., Il cervello emotivo. Alle origini delle emozioni, Baldini e Castoldi, Milano)
MacFadden R. J., Herie M., Maiter S., Dumbrill G. C. (2005), Achieving high touch in high tech: a constructivist, emotionally-oriented model of web-based instruction, Journal of Teaching in Social Work, vol. 25, n. 1/2, pp. 21-44
Murphy K. L., Collins M. P. (1997), Development of communication conventions in instructional electronic chats, Journal of distance education, vol.12, n. 1/2, pp. 177-200
Novak M. (1993), Architetture liquide nel cyberspazio, in M. Benedikt, Cyberspace, Muzio, Padova
Ortony A., Fainsilber L. (1989), The role of metaphors in descriptions of emotions, in Y. Wilks (ed.), Theoretical issues in natural language processing, Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Mahwah, NJ, pp. 178-182
Parks M. R., Floyd K. (1996), Making friends in cyberspace, Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, vol. 1, n. 4
Perelman C., Olbrechts-Tyteca L. (1958), Traité de l’argumentation. La nouvelle rhétorique, Presses Universitaires de France, Paris (tr. it., Trattato dell’argomentazione, Einaudi, Torino, 1966)
Persico D., Manca S., Sarti L. (2003), Storia di un corso sulle TD e degli insegnamenti che se ne possono trarre, TD - Tecnologie Didattiche, vol. 29, pp. 66-75
Picard R. W. (1997), Affective computing, The MIT Press, Cambridge, MA
Rice R. E. (1993), Media appropriateness: Using social presence theory to compare traditional and new organizational media, Human Communication Research, vol. 19, n. 4, pp. 451-484
Richardson J. C., Swan K. (2003), Examining social presence in online courses in relation to students’ perceived learning and satisfaction, Journal of Asynchronous Learning Networks, vol. 7, n. 1
Ricoeur P. (1978), The rule of metaphor. Multidisciplinary studies of the creation of meaning in language, Routledge & Kegan Paul, London, UK
Ricoeur P. (1975), La métaphore vive, Seuil, Paris (tr. it., La metafora viva, Jaca Book, Milano 1981)
Roberts R. M., Kreuz R. J. (1994), Why do people use figurative language?, Psychological Science, vol. 5, n. 3, pp. 159-163
Roschelle J. (1996), Learning by collaborating: convergent conceptual change, in T. Koschmann (ed.), CSCL: Theory and Practice of an Emerging Paradigm, Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Mahwah, NJ, pp. 209-248
Rourke L., Anderson T., Garrison D. R., Archer W. (2001a), Assessing social presence in asynchronous text-based computer conferencing, Journal of Distance Education, vol. 14, n. 3, pp. 51-70
Rourke L., Anderson T., Garrison D. R., Archer W. (2001b), Methodological issues in the content analysis of computer conference transcripts, International Journal of Artificial Intelligence in Education, vol. 12, pp. 8-22
Searle J. R. (1979), Metaphor, in A. Ortony (ed.), Metaphor and thought, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK
Shin N. (2003), Transactional presence as a critical predictor of success in distance learning, Distance Education, vol. 24, n. 1, pp. 69-86
Short J., Williams E., Christie B. (1976), The social psychology of telecommunications, Wiley, London, UK
Spears R., Lea M. (1994), Panacea or panopticon? The hidden power in computer-mediated communication, Communication Research, vol. 21, n. 4, pp. 427-459 (tr. it., Panacea o Panopticon? Il potere nascosto nella comunicazione mediata dal computer, Sistemi Intelligenti, vol. 7, n. 3, 1995, pp. 339-371)
Sproull L., Kiesler S. (1986), Reducing social context cues: Electronic mail in organizational communication, British Journal of Social Psychology, vol. 29, pp. 121-134
Stacey E. (2002), Social presence online: networking learners at a distance, Education and Information Technologies, vol. 7, n. 4, pp. 287-294
Tagliagambe S. (1997), Epistemologia del cyberspazio, Demos, Cagliari
Tannen D. (1989), Talking voices: repetition, dialogue and imagery in conversational discourse, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge UK
Tannen D. (1992), How is conversation like literary discourse?: The role of imagery and details in creating involvement, in P. Downing, S. D. Lima and M. Noonan (eds.) The linguistics of literacy, John Benjamins, Amsterdam and Philadelphia, pp. 31-46
Trappl R., Petta P., Payr S. (eds.) (2003), Emotions in humans and artifacts, The MIT Press, Cambridge, MA
Walther J. B. (1996), Computermediated communication: Impersonal, interpersonal, and hyperpersonal interaction, Communication Research, vol. 23, n. 1, pp. 3- 41
Weinrich H. (1976), Sprache in Texten, Klett, Stuttgart
Yeoman E. (1995), “Sam’s Café”: A case study of computer conferencing as a medium for collective journal writing, Canadian Journal of Educational Communication, vol. 24, n. 3