UN VIDEOGIOCO PER L’EDUCAZIONE ALLA MORTE RIVOLTO AGLI ADOLESCENTI
Barra laterale articolo
Pubblicato
mag 21, 2019
Contenuto principale articolo
Abstract
E’ il significato a rendere le storie avvincenti; e ciò che dà significato alle storie è spesso la morte. Tuttavia, anche se la morte è onnipresente sui media, tendiamo ad adottare un atteggiamento di diniego emotivo nella vita personale. La morte sembra scatenare molta ansia negli adolescenti. Considerando che i videogiochi sono un medium popolare tra i teenagers, potremmo adottarli come strumento negli interventi di educazione alla morte? La morte è presente in molti videogiochi come meccanica o elemento della narrativa. “A Mortician’s Tale” risalta tra gli altri perché è un video game basato sulla storia, con approccio positivo verso la morte, che incoraggia i giocatori ad affrontare le proprie paure della morte al fine di ridimensionarle.
Dettagli articolo
Sezione
Rubrica "Strumenti"
Questo lavoro è fornito con la licenza Creative Commons Attribuzione - Non commerciale 4.0 Internazionale.
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Riferimenti bibliografici
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Balk, D. E. (2014). Dealing with dying, death and grief during adolescence. New York, NY, USA: Routledge.
Belman, J., & Flanagan, M. (2009). Designing games to foster empathy. Cognitive Technology, 14(2), 5-15.
Brent, S. B., Speece, M. W., Lin, C., Dong, Q., & Yang C. (1996). The development of the concept of death among Chinese and U.S. children 3-17 years of age: from binary to “fuzzy” concepts? Omega: The Journal of Death and Dying, 33, 67-83. doi:10.2190/27L7-G7Q1-DY5Q-J9F3
Dimaggio, G., Salvatore, G., Azzara, C., & Catania, D. (2003). Rewriting self-narratives: the therapeutic process. Journal of Constructivist Psychology, 16(2), 155-181. doi:10.1080/10720530390117920
Doughty, C. (2014). Smoke gets in your eyes. New York, NY, USA: W. W. Norton & Company Ltd.
Durlak, J. A. (1994). Changing death attitudes through death education. In R. A. Neimeyer (Ed.), Death anxiety handbook: research instrumentation, and application (pp. 243-260). NewYork, NY, USA: Taylor & Francis.
Durlak, J. A., & Reisenberg, L. A. (1991). The impact of death education. Death Studies, 15(1), 39-58. doi: 10.1080/07481189108252408
Evans, E., Hawton, K., & Rodham, K. (2005). In what ways are adolescents who engage in self-harm or experience thoughts of self-harm different in terms of help-seeking, communication and coping strategies? Journal of Adolescence, 28(4), 573-587. doi: 10.1016/j.adolescence.2004.11.001
Fitzpatrick, I. (2017, November 6). Interview: a talk with A Mortician’s Tale game designer Gabby DaRienzo. Roguesportal. Retrieved from http://www.roguesportal.com/39468-2
Flanagan, M., & Nissenbaum, H. (2014). Values at Play. Cambridge, MA, USA: The MIT Press.
Freud, S. (1917). Mourning and melancholia. The standard edition of the complete psychological works of Sigmund Freud, XIV, (1914-1916): On the history of the psychoanalytic movement, Papers on Metapsychology and Other Works. London, UK: The Hogart Press.
Freud, S. (1929/1961). Civilization and its discontents. New York, NY, USA: Norton.
Game Developers Conference (2018, April 4). A Mortician’s Tale: a different view on how games treat death. Gabby Darienzo. Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zEl0b_9BmE4
Gordon, A. K. (1986). The tattered cloak of immortality. In C. A. Corr. & J. N. McNeil (Eds.), Adolescence and death (pp. 16-31). New York, NY, USA: Springer.
Gosney, H., & Hawton, K. (2007). Inquest verdicts: youth suicides lost. Psychiatric Bulletin, 31(6), 203-205. doi: 10.1192/pb.bp.105.007773
Granic, I., Lobel, A., & Engels, R. C. M. E. (2014). The benefits of playing video games. American Psychologist, January, 66-78.
Grant, J. P. (2011, 29 July). Life after death. Kill Screen Daily. Retrieved from https://killscreen.com/articles/life-after-death/
Gray, K. (2017, 18 October). A game that finds comfort in the banality of death. Waypoint Vice. Retrieved from https://waypoint.vice.com/en_us/article/evbgmk/a-game-that-finds-comfort-in-the-banality-of-death
Harrer, S. (2013). From losing to loss: exploring the expressive capacities of video games beyond death as failure. Culture Unbound, 5, 607-620.
Harris, J. (2017, October 27). Dev Q & A: A Mortician’s Tale challenges how games depict death. Gamasutra. Retrieved from https://www.gamasutra.com/view/news/308408/Dev_QA_A_Morticians_Tale_challenges_how_games_depict_death.php
Hoelter, J. W, & Hoelter, J. A. (1978). The relationship between fear and death and anxiety. Journal of Psychology, 99, 225-6.
Ka-Ying Hui, V., Harris Bond, M., & Sze Wing Ng, T. (2007). General Beliefs about the world as defense mechanism against death anxiety. Omega Journal of Death and Dying, 54(3), 199-214.
Kidwell, E. (2018, March 19). A Mortician’s Tale deconstructs how death should be designed. Gamasutra. Retrieved from https://www.gamasutra.com/view/news/315660/A_Morticians_Tale_deconstructs_how_death_should_be_designed.php
Lazzaro, N. (2004). Why we play games: four keys to more emotion without story. Presented at Game Developers Conference, San Francisco, California.
Lester, D. (2003). Adolescent suicide from an international perspective. The American Behavioral Scientist, 46(9), 1157-1170. doi:10.1177/0002764202250659
Mascarenha Fonseca, L. & Testoni, I. (2011). The emergence of thanatology and current practice in death education. Omega Journal of Death and Dying. 64(2), 157-169. doi:10.2190/OM.64.2.d
Noppe, I. C. (2007). Life span issues and death education. In D. Balk (Ed.), Handbook of thanatology (pp.337-343). London, UK: Routledge.
Noppe, I. C., & Noppe L. D. (1997). Evolving meanings of death during early, middle, and later adolescence. Death Studies, 21(3), 253-275. doi:10.1080/074811897201967
Noppe, L. D., & Noppe I. C. (1991). Dialectical themes in adolescent conceptions of death. Journal of Adolescent Research, 6(1), 28-42. doi:10.1177/074355489161003
Piaget, J. (1972). Intellectual evolution from adolescence to adulthood. Human Development, 15(1), 1-12.
Rusch, D. C. (2009). Mechanisms of the soul: tackling the human condition in video games. Proceedings of the 2009 Digital Games Research Association DIGRA International Conference: Breaking News Ground: Innovation in Games, Play, Practice and Theory, London, UK.
Speece, M. W., & Brent, S. B. (1984). Children’s understanding of death: a review of three components of a death concept. Development, 55(5), 1671-1686. doi: 10.2307/1129915
Testoni, I., & De Cataldo, L. (2014). Death education for adolescent suicide prevention between family and school: a review. Interdisciplinary Journal of Family Studies, XIX(2), 37-50.
Testoni, I., Tranquilli, R., Salghetti, M., Marini, L., & Legrenzi, A. (2005). L’educazione alla morte come momento di incontro psico-socio-culturale tra scuola, famiglia e territorio. Famiglia Interdisciplinarità Ricerca. 10(3), 312-322.
Toews, J., Martin, R., & Prosen, H. (1985). Death anxiety: the prelude to adolescence. Adolescent Psychiatry, 12, 134-144.
Warr, P. (2017, October 18). A Mortician’s Tale Review. PC Gamer. Retrieved from https://www.pcgamer.com/a-morticians-tale-review/
Wass, H. (2004). A perspective on the current state of death education. Death Studies, 28, 289-308. doi: 10.1080/07481180490432315
Ausbel, D. P., Montemayor, R., & Svajian, P. (1977). Theory and problems of adolescent development. New York, NY, USA: Grune & Stratton.
Balk, D. E. (2014). Dealing with dying, death and grief during adolescence. New York, NY, USA: Routledge.
Belman, J., & Flanagan, M. (2009). Designing games to foster empathy. Cognitive Technology, 14(2), 5-15.
Brent, S. B., Speece, M. W., Lin, C., Dong, Q., & Yang C. (1996). The development of the concept of death among Chinese and U.S. children 3-17 years of age: from binary to “fuzzy” concepts? Omega: The Journal of Death and Dying, 33, 67-83. doi:10.2190/27L7-G7Q1-DY5Q-J9F3
Dimaggio, G., Salvatore, G., Azzara, C., & Catania, D. (2003). Rewriting self-narratives: the therapeutic process. Journal of Constructivist Psychology, 16(2), 155-181. doi:10.1080/10720530390117920
Doughty, C. (2014). Smoke gets in your eyes. New York, NY, USA: W. W. Norton & Company Ltd.
Durlak, J. A. (1994). Changing death attitudes through death education. In R. A. Neimeyer (Ed.), Death anxiety handbook: research instrumentation, and application (pp. 243-260). NewYork, NY, USA: Taylor & Francis.
Durlak, J. A., & Reisenberg, L. A. (1991). The impact of death education. Death Studies, 15(1), 39-58. doi: 10.1080/07481189108252408
Evans, E., Hawton, K., & Rodham, K. (2005). In what ways are adolescents who engage in self-harm or experience thoughts of self-harm different in terms of help-seeking, communication and coping strategies? Journal of Adolescence, 28(4), 573-587. doi: 10.1016/j.adolescence.2004.11.001
Fitzpatrick, I. (2017, November 6). Interview: a talk with A Mortician’s Tale game designer Gabby DaRienzo. Roguesportal. Retrieved from http://www.roguesportal.com/39468-2
Flanagan, M., & Nissenbaum, H. (2014). Values at Play. Cambridge, MA, USA: The MIT Press.
Freud, S. (1917). Mourning and melancholia. The standard edition of the complete psychological works of Sigmund Freud, XIV, (1914-1916): On the history of the psychoanalytic movement, Papers on Metapsychology and Other Works. London, UK: The Hogart Press.
Freud, S. (1929/1961). Civilization and its discontents. New York, NY, USA: Norton.
Game Developers Conference (2018, April 4). A Mortician’s Tale: a different view on how games treat death. Gabby Darienzo. Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zEl0b_9BmE4
Gordon, A. K. (1986). The tattered cloak of immortality. In C. A. Corr. & J. N. McNeil (Eds.), Adolescence and death (pp. 16-31). New York, NY, USA: Springer.
Gosney, H., & Hawton, K. (2007). Inquest verdicts: youth suicides lost. Psychiatric Bulletin, 31(6), 203-205. doi: 10.1192/pb.bp.105.007773
Granic, I., Lobel, A., & Engels, R. C. M. E. (2014). The benefits of playing video games. American Psychologist, January, 66-78.
Grant, J. P. (2011, 29 July). Life after death. Kill Screen Daily. Retrieved from https://killscreen.com/articles/life-after-death/
Gray, K. (2017, 18 October). A game that finds comfort in the banality of death. Waypoint Vice. Retrieved from https://waypoint.vice.com/en_us/article/evbgmk/a-game-that-finds-comfort-in-the-banality-of-death
Harrer, S. (2013). From losing to loss: exploring the expressive capacities of video games beyond death as failure. Culture Unbound, 5, 607-620.
Harris, J. (2017, October 27). Dev Q & A: A Mortician’s Tale challenges how games depict death. Gamasutra. Retrieved from https://www.gamasutra.com/view/news/308408/Dev_QA_A_Morticians_Tale_challenges_how_games_depict_death.php
Hoelter, J. W, & Hoelter, J. A. (1978). The relationship between fear and death and anxiety. Journal of Psychology, 99, 225-6.
Ka-Ying Hui, V., Harris Bond, M., & Sze Wing Ng, T. (2007). General Beliefs about the world as defense mechanism against death anxiety. Omega Journal of Death and Dying, 54(3), 199-214.
Kidwell, E. (2018, March 19). A Mortician’s Tale deconstructs how death should be designed. Gamasutra. Retrieved from https://www.gamasutra.com/view/news/315660/A_Morticians_Tale_deconstructs_how_death_should_be_designed.php
Lazzaro, N. (2004). Why we play games: four keys to more emotion without story. Presented at Game Developers Conference, San Francisco, California.
Lester, D. (2003). Adolescent suicide from an international perspective. The American Behavioral Scientist, 46(9), 1157-1170. doi:10.1177/0002764202250659
Mascarenha Fonseca, L. & Testoni, I. (2011). The emergence of thanatology and current practice in death education. Omega Journal of Death and Dying. 64(2), 157-169. doi:10.2190/OM.64.2.d
Noppe, I. C. (2007). Life span issues and death education. In D. Balk (Ed.), Handbook of thanatology (pp.337-343). London, UK: Routledge.
Noppe, I. C., & Noppe L. D. (1997). Evolving meanings of death during early, middle, and later adolescence. Death Studies, 21(3), 253-275. doi:10.1080/074811897201967
Noppe, L. D., & Noppe I. C. (1991). Dialectical themes in adolescent conceptions of death. Journal of Adolescent Research, 6(1), 28-42. doi:10.1177/074355489161003
Piaget, J. (1972). Intellectual evolution from adolescence to adulthood. Human Development, 15(1), 1-12.
Rusch, D. C. (2009). Mechanisms of the soul: tackling the human condition in video games. Proceedings of the 2009 Digital Games Research Association DIGRA International Conference: Breaking News Ground: Innovation in Games, Play, Practice and Theory, London, UK.
Speece, M. W., & Brent, S. B. (1984). Children’s understanding of death: a review of three components of a death concept. Development, 55(5), 1671-1686. doi: 10.2307/1129915
Testoni, I., & De Cataldo, L. (2014). Death education for adolescent suicide prevention between family and school: a review. Interdisciplinary Journal of Family Studies, XIX(2), 37-50.
Testoni, I., Tranquilli, R., Salghetti, M., Marini, L., & Legrenzi, A. (2005). L’educazione alla morte come momento di incontro psico-socio-culturale tra scuola, famiglia e territorio. Famiglia Interdisciplinarità Ricerca. 10(3), 312-322.
Toews, J., Martin, R., & Prosen, H. (1985). Death anxiety: the prelude to adolescence. Adolescent Psychiatry, 12, 134-144.
Warr, P. (2017, October 18). A Mortician’s Tale Review. PC Gamer. Retrieved from https://www.pcgamer.com/a-morticians-tale-review/
Wass, H. (2004). A perspective on the current state of death education. Death Studies, 28, 289-308. doi: 10.1080/07481180490432315