Affrontare il divario digitale: esplorare i modelli di accesso e utilizzo delle TIC tra gli studenti dell’ultimo anno della scuola secondaria superiore in Italia
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Abstract
Questo studio esamina l’accesso e l’uso delle Tecnologie dell’Informazione e della Comunicazione (TIC) al di fuori dell’ambiente scolastico tra gli studenti delle scuole secondarie superiori in Italia, basato sui dati del Field Trial INVALSI 2021-2022. Lo studio indaga la disponibilità di dispositivi digitali come desktop, laptop e smartphone, e esplora i modelli di utilizzo tramite un questionario che affronta il primo e il secondo divario digitale, le variabili socio-demografiche e altri fattori rilevanti. I risultati offrono spunti di riflessione per chi deve gestire l’uso della tecnologia e migliorare le esperienze di apprendimento. È significativo che il 96% degli studenti abbia riferito di avere accesso a un computer a casa per attività di apprendimento e non, e l’88% avesse connettività a Internet a casa. Sebbene i risultati iniziali suggeriscano una riduzione del divario di accesso digitale, i modelli di regressione logistica indicano che il primo livello di divario digitale rimane una sfida per alcuni gruppi socio-economici. Utilizzando tecniche di data mining come le regole di associazione, sono state quindi identificate le attività più influenti tra gli studenti. La maggior parte degli studenti di grado 13 possedeva strumenti TIC e li utilizzava principalmente per attività ricreative come i social media, le piattaforme di comunicazione online, i video e la musica di intrattenimento, e la navigazione web.
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